In order to cool the gas turbine vane or blade and raise the operating temperature, two standard convective COOLING methods are used: jet impingement COOLING and film COOLING. The current study uses computational analysis to analyze and compare film COOLING effectiveness with and without multi-jet impingement COOLING on a flat plate. Ansys Fluent software is used to perform computational analysis on a flat plate. The computational results were compared with the experimental result using K-ω SST turbulence model and validated with literature data. The flat plate is used for the conjugate heat transfer study on the hot surface (named interaction surface), cold surface (called target surface), and inside the film hole. Different heat transfer parameters such as heat flux, Nusselt's number, and effectiveness are compared for the two cases, i. e., film COOLING with impinging jets (IFC) and film COOLING without impingement COOLING (FC). It is observed that the FC case shows lower effectiveness as compared to the IFC case. The average Nusselt number for the IFC cases is almost three times larger than FC. The film exit temperature values are higher FC case, but it is more uniform in the IFC case. Interaction surface heat flux and Nusselt number values show higher values on the upstream wall of the film hole for IFC than in the FC case.

In this research, a COMBINED COOLING system of heating and electricity is proposed and a complete thermodynamic analysis is presented. The system includes a gas turbine, a heat COOLING system, a cogeneration system and a hot water heat exchanger. The basis of the work is that by using the recovery of waste gases in the gas turbine can be generated by a steam turbine and, with the help of an absorption chiller, can recover the waste heat in the steam turbine and provide the required COOLING. The cogeneration system saves energy consumption, and reduces environmental pollution. In this study, we have tried to increase the economic justification of using the cogeneration system under study by using up-to-date cost functions. The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the studied system are 20 and 21%, respectively, which is a reasonable amount. The results of the economic analysis show that with a total cost of $ 93.56 per second and a total investment and maintenance cost of $ 1732 per second, the proposed system is highly economical and profitable in practice. This may provide a new way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of thermodynamic performance of cogeneration systems.

COMBINED heat and power systems are used for renewable energies and reducing fossil fuels. This work, investigated energy efficiency, exergy, and exergy economic a Brayton cycle and refrigeration cycle with an ejector that used solar energy as a heat source. Inlet pressure turbine, outlet pressure turbine, inlet temperature turbine, and temperature of the evaporator are variable parameters, when one of the parameters changes, the other parameters are kept constant so that the thermodynamic analysis focuses on important parameters. Results showed that inlet pressure of initial flow in ejector and outlet velocity of flow on ejector are increased with increasing outlet pressure of turbine. The storage tank had the most exergy destruction rate among all components for the high-temperature difference that it’s almost 29% from all of the exergy destruction rates. Also, the highest cost per unit of power is related to the COMBINED heat and power cycle that it’s about 53% of the total cost.

In this paper, exergy analysis is used to evaluate the performance of a COMBINED cycle: organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and absorption COOLING system (ACS) using LiBr–H2O, powered by a solar field with linear concentrators.The goal of this work is to design the cogeneration system able to supply electricity and ambient COOLING of an academic building and to find solutions to improve the performance of the global system. Solar ACS is COMBINED with the ORC system-its coefficient of performance depends on the inlet temperature of the generator which is imposed by the outlet of the ORC. Exergetic efficiency and exergy destruction ratio are calculated for the whole system according to the second law of thermodynamics. Exergy analysis of each sub-system leads to the choice of the optimum physical parameters for minimum local exergy destruction ratios. In this way, a different connection of the heat exchangers is proposed in order to assure a maximum heat recovery.

The importance of energy and shortage of its sources have necessitated appropriate planning for developing systems with high efficiency. COMBINED COOLING, heating and power generation systems CCHP, are systems that used for increasing the efficiency of generated energy, while decreasing costs. Since the invention off CCHP systems, different methods have been provided for determination capacity of equipment and their optimization. In this research, at first these systems summary are presented and then three main methods namely maximum load method (MLM), maximum rectangle method (heating MRM, h and electric MRM, e ) and relative equivalent uniform annual benefit method(REUAB), for determination of capacity of prime mover have been introduced. Then for a residential convened that its prime mover is gas engine, with consideration three mentioned methods and a new proposed method, for optimization the CCHP will be explained. Finally, the results of the optimization with applying real conditions for prime mover are investigated.

In the present work, the statistical analyses are presented to study the economic indexes of Net Present Value (NPV) and Simple Payback Period (SPB) as response functions for the COMBINED COOLING, Heating and Power (CCHP) system. The CCHP performance is simulated with the aid of thermodynamic modeling, and also economic equations are presented for economic simulation.  An attempt is made to study the effect of some economic factors (interest ratio, fuel cost, lifetime, and electricity sell price) on the system’s responses. Based on the Design of Experiment analysis, regression models are presented to quantify the effects of these parameters on the Net Present Value and Simple Payback Periods. This novel approach is developed utilizing the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) method.  Sensitivity analysis of the economic parameters was also examined in this research. Optimal values of these parameters were obtained for the two economic indexes as response functions.

Industrial advancements in recent years have led to a significant increase in global energy consumption. Consequently, the pollution resulting from the use of fossil fuels to meet this energy demand has become a pressing issue. The utilization of biomass as a renewable energy source presents a viable solution to mitigate this problem. In addition to biomass, solar energy has also emerged as a dependable energy source that has been extensively researched in recent times. This study proposes a COMBINED COOLING, heat and power (CCHP) system that integrates four different systems - biomass, milk powder processing, refrigeration, and photovoltaic panels to generate electricity, milk powder, and COOLING capacity. The proposed system underwent optimization through multi-objective approach to enhance its overall performance and payback period time. The findings indicate that the payback period for the investment can be reduced to 3.82 years, with a maximum cycle efficiency of 33 percent. These values can be adjusted based on the relative importance of each factor. For instance, if the payback period is extended to 4.8 years, the cycle efficiency would decrease to 27 percent.